When it says race day is BOILING how do you cope?

There are many things you can do and there are, as with most things, choices to be made. These are around preparation, planning, finance, time and mental space.

Let’s look simple before we get complex.

The first, and unglamorous, thing to consider is your general hydration. As a 64kg human I should be drinking two litres of liquid a day, not including caffeine and alcohol. Then I need to drink additional amounts to hydrate during exercise. If you aren’t meeting your basic need for fluid (and we get worse at this as we age) then you are not in the optimal position to race well in the heat. The standard amount to consider drinking during exercise is 500ml per hour. If  you aren’t able to do this in practice, or are one of the ‘I don’t need it’ brigade, then you aren’t suddenly going to be able to double this in hot conditions to ensure you are optimally hydrated. Practice, it’s a discipline.

Months before your race you may know that it is likely to be hot eg the Europeans in Istanbul, any race in France or Spain in the summer. Therefore you can choose to be scientific and use a flow bio sensor. https://flowbio.com/  This will give you data about your sodium and fluid losses so you can accurately compensate for them.  Sodium losses significantly contribute to performance decline and may contribute to cramps. Cramp is a multi-dimensional issue so remember that lack of salt may not be the issue. 

A cheaper option is to have a sodium loss test with Precision Fuel and Hydration. The nearest venue in the NW is Total Tri near Knutsford. https://www.totaltritraining.com/sweat-testing-centre-precision-hydration/

The result of this will tell you how much sodium you lose in one litre of sweat. My sodium loss is 716mg per litre, I am a light sweater. A teaspoon of salt contains about 2350mg sodium and that is 40% of salt, the other 60% is chlorine. Salt is sodium chloride.   However this is only half the story. You then need to work out how much you are likely to sweat during your race and this means replicating race conditions. I haven’t managed to persuade myself that working my socks off for three hours in my conservatory at 30 degrees is worth gaining the knowledge of how much I sweat during a cross triathlon. Especially considering what a negative impact on my training week that would deliver.

The value of knowing this early is that you can then practice replacing your likely losses during training. Just as your gut needs training to absorb race nutrition, it needs to be trained to absorb sodium and fluid. If you have high blood pressure you might wish to take this advice with a pinch of salt, and check with your doctor. Many triathletes have very low blood pressure and ingesting enough salt to cure a small ham will not, as far as I am aware, create any issues.

Nearer to the time one can focus on kit preparation. This is very budget dependant!. White is the golden word for kit, except for the bottom half of your tri suit. A dark colour here definitely hides a multitude of sins.

For the cycle white shoes which should be a large enough size to allow your feet to swell in the heat are good and they should have lots of air flow. If you are riding long distance it is a certainty that your feet will swell. The bottoms of shoes tend to be black so you can paint them with white tippex to reduce the heat absorption from tarmac. A helmet can be white, whether it is aero or road is personal preference. A road helmet is cooler but slower so there is a balance to be found. Tri suits can cost hundreds and if you have the choice one designed for heat, possibly with heat dissipating graphene or UVP protective fabric, can be beneficial. Material moves through air faster than skin, it reduces dehydration and can be made wet so increases cooling. So white arm and calf sleeves can help you go faster and stay cooler.

For the run again consider a larger size of running shoe if going long distance. Wear sunglasses and have a light, white run cap for the run, or a visor. I prefer the cap as you can wet it at feed stations and it keeps the sun off your head. Neck coolers are seen more often in the land of ultra runners but definitely worth a look if you are racing long distance. They can be soaked then placed around the neck hence cooling the blood in the arteries and therefore cooling the circulatory system. You could also buy one of those fancy Omius cooling headbands the pros wear. There were quite a number being sported at the Pontevedra World Championships 2025 on amateur athletes. But £200 is a lot to spend on something so small I will lose it, so I haven’t.

Remember to make any kit changes when you still have sufficient time to test them. Eg if you buy arm sleeves how do they feel under your wetsuit? Can you get your wetsuit off with them on?

Be aware that it may be a non wetsuit swim. Generally wetsuits are optional when the water is between 16 and 24.6 degrees Centigrade. However there are variations depending on the race distance, conditions and competitors ages so always check. The decision is made an hour before race start. It is hard to practice for this in the UK as our outdoor temperatures are usually cool but the least you can do is wear your tri suit in the pool a few times. In some races it is legal to wear a swim skin if wetsuits are illegal. More kit! And remember to practice with that too! However remember that it is illegal to wear arm or calf sleeves in the swim if it is non wetsuit so you need to consider this in your prep.

Then heat train. This is deserving of an article in it’s own right so I will say little about it here. Heat training will help your overall performance in any temperature and your ability to race in hot temperatures. You can do active or passive heat training, the first involves sessions where you are very overdressed, the second means doing sessions to raise your temperature then hopping in a sauna or hot bath. It is also sensible to practice eating and drinking when doing these sessions, digestion is a lot harder in the heat and some food eg Beta chews or jelly babies become very unappetising when hot (and melted) so fuelling strategies may need to be altered.

Almost at race day now.

Your heart rate elevates as your core temperature increases and the amount of effort you can produce drops. Ie performance declines. So the lower you can keep your core temperature on race day the faster you will go.

In the run up you can use electrolyte tablets to ensure your salt and electrolyte levels are topped up and make sure you have good hydration. Stay out of the heat in the days beforehand and keep the weight off your feet.

Race day –

Keep cool by whatever means you can.

If you are waiting for a later start use an ice vest which will keep you cool for about an hour.

Stay in the shade if possible.  

Use suncream, a water resistant brand can usually be put on beforehand and will last all race. However if you are doing ironman or an ultra epic you may wish to have some additional cream somewhere.

Have cold drinks available while you wait. 500ml of iced carbohydrate solution in the hour beforehand in a thermos cup helps.

Give yourself ample time to get ready, this reduces the possibility of you becoming hot and bothered.

The cooler you can keep your core temperature the longer it will take to rise and the better you will perform.

Put your wetsuit on as late as possible, bearing in mind it’s a pig to get on properly if you are sweaty. While waiting for the swim again seek shade, don’t just stand in the sun because everyone else is. Take a disposable litre bottle with you full of cold water and pour that down the inside of your wetsuit during the wait for the start. This will cool you by sealing the wetsuit with cooler water than your swim venue water.

Ice or freeze your drinks for the bike if the timings work. Add salt to them, now you have practiced. Expect to drink more than normal, remember 500 ml an hour is normal, it may go up to over a litre in very hot conditions. You shouldn’t pee more, you will be sweating it out. Use the water stations to cool you. If you can grab a bottle while moving and empty it over you, then chuck it. But if you need to grab bottles for drinking too then don’t be afraid to stop briefly on longer races, the volunteers are usually really good at helping soak you. Carry additional salt tablets or electrolyte tabs on longer races. Hyponatraemia is a serious, potentially fatal, condition caused by drinking so much plain water that you dilute your sodium balance. Drink a mixture of water and electrolytes.

In T2 grab your cap, and neck cooler if using, and use another disposable litre bottle of water to pour over yourself, including your cap, before going out on the run. You may choose to take a run flask with you to help keep electrolytes up. Again use the water stations on the run for hydrating and for cooling – pour cups over you. Make use of any shade on the route, it’s worth crossing the road for that! And if anyone has a hose out make sure you run through it. If you are really lucky they may have ice or sponges. Take both! Stick the sponge in the neck line of your suit and put ice down the front of your suit – you want it landing in your groin where the blood is near the surface and you will get the biggest cooling effect.

If you do start feeling ill sometimes the most courageous thing you can do is stop and dnf that day. There will always be another race and heatstroke can have serious consequences.

Be aware that your thermostat often gets very confused racing and it’s possible that you may get very cold immediately afterwards.

After all that – enjoy!